Pricing models for diagnostic AI based on qualitative insights from healthcare decision makers

Creators: Kirchhoff, Jan and Berns, Fabian and Schieder, Christian and Schobel, Johannes
Title: Pricing models for diagnostic AI based on qualitative insights from healthcare decision makers
Item Type: Article or issue of a publication series
Projects: DigiHealth, PricingCDSS
Journal or Series Title: npj Digital Medicine ,
Additional Information: Open Access
Date: 2026
Divisions: Gesundheitsmanagement
Abstract (ENG): AI-enabled diagnostic decision support systems (DDSS) could improve diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, yet adoption is often impeded by pricing approaches that rely on opaque technical usage metrics. We examined how pricing can remain clinically legible and budgetable while accounting for AI-specific technical and organizational cost drivers. We conducted semi-structured interviews with healthcare decision makers (n = 17) across hospital, outpatient, laboratory, and industry settings and conducted a deductive–inductive thematic analysis. Ten themes emerged, including widespread resistance to purely usage-based pricing and strong preferences for transparency and predictability. Participants supported hybrid models combining a base fee with variable components defined in clinically meaningful units (per patient, per test, or per episode) and emphasized reimbursement alignment alongside integration, training, and support as integral value elements. Outcome-linked payment was viewed as ethically compelling but operationally difficult. We synthesize these findings into stakeholder-informed design principles and actionable recommendations for pricing models that facilitate procurement, reimbursement fit, and sustainable scaling of diagnostic AI.
Forthcoming: No
Language: English
Link eMedia: Download
Citation:

Kirchhoff, Jan and Berns, Fabian and Schieder, Christian and Schobel, Johannes (2026) Pricing models for diagnostic AI based on qualitative insights from healthcare decision makers. npj Digital Medicine ,. ISSN 2398-6352

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